Lipo battery 4s charging and discharging principle, be sure to store it well!

The lipo battery 4s is a rechargeable battery that can be used repeatedly. It has a wide range of applications, such as the internal batteries of mobile phones, power banks, and electric vehicle batteries in our daily life.
So, how does the lipo battery 4s charge and discharge? Today, CNHL will lead you to explore the tips for the correct use of lipo battery 4s, and help you to use lipo battery 4s better and avoid detours. Next, come and find out with me.
Before answering the question of charging and discharging lipo battery 4s, it is necessary for us to understand the structure of lipo battery 4s and some characteristics of lithium.

Lipo battery 4s structure

The lipo battery 4s consists of three parts, a copper foil coated with graphite, an aluminum foil coated with a lithium compound, and an electrolyte containing an organic salt of lithium. The charging and discharging of lipo battery 4s is actually the reciprocating movement of lithium ions and free electrons.
Different metals have different electrochemical potentials. The so-called electrochemical potential, in simple terms, is the tendency of metals to lose electrons. Given the electrochemical potentials of some common metals, lithium,

which is the easiest to lose electrons, is used in lipo battery 4s.
Obviously, element lithium has the highest tendency to lose electrons in lipo battery 4s, while fluorine has the smallest tendency to lose electrons. This is because the outermost layer of lithium has only one electron, which is very easy to lose; while the outermost layer of fluorine has 8 electrons, which is very stable (the outermost layer of an atom can only have at most 8 electrons, and 1 is the most active, 8 electrons). most stable).

Lipo battery 4s material pure lithium is a highly active metal, it boils directly in water, but the metal oxide of lithium is very stable, if we somehow separate a lithium atom from this metal oxide, this lithium Atoms are extremely unstable, instantly forming a lithium ion and an electron.
However, as mentioned above, the lipo battery 4s material lithium, as part of the metal oxide, is much more stable in the metal oxide than in the free state of this lithium atom. Therefore, if two different paths can be provided for the flow of electrons and lithium ions between the lipo battery 4s material lithium and metal oxide, the lithium atoms will automatically run to the metal oxide part, and the path of this electron is the external circuit.

In other words, just like people, we all like a stable life compared to the wandering days. The same is true for the lithium element of the lipo battery 4s material. If it can rely on its metal oxide to achieve a stable state, it must not like it. Exist in the state of lithium ions and electrons. So we use the electric field to pull the lithium out of the metal oxide, and then give its ions and electrons different paths (remove the external electric field), and it will go back to the oxide.

Lipo battery 4s charging and discharging principle

The actual lipo battery 4s contain electrolyte and graphite. Among them, graphite has a layered structure, so the separated lithium ions can be easily stored there. The electrolyte between the graphite and the metal oxide in the lipo battery 4s acts as a protection, it only allows lithium ions to pass through, not electrons.

When a power supply (electric field) is applied, the positive electrode of the lipo battery 4s power supply obviously attracts electrons from the lithium atoms of the metal oxide due to the attraction of opposites, and pushes these electrons to flow along the external circuit and reach the graphite layer of the lipo battery 4s. Note that these electrons cannot flow through the electrolyte.

At the same time, the positively charged lithium ions of the lipo battery 4s will also be attracted to the negative electrode and flow through the electrolyte to reach the graphite layer. At this time, the graphite layer contains a large amount of lithium ions and electrons. These ions and electrons are lithium atoms, but because lithium atoms are unstable, they exist in the form of lithium ions and electrons.
Once all the lithium atoms in the metal oxide of the lipo battery 4s reach the graphite layer, the lipo battery 4s is fully charged.

At this point, the unstable state of the lithium atoms is like a small ball on the top of the mountain. Once the power is removed and the load is connected, the lithium atoms return to a stable state as part of the metal oxide.

Due to this tendency to stabilize, the electrons lithium back to the oxide through the load, and the lithium ions pass through the electrolyte back to the oxide, like a small ball sliding down a mountain top, and finally the lithium ions and electrons combine to form lithium atoms Fixed in lipo battery 4s metal oxide. Note that graphite does not play a role in the chemical reaction of the lipo battery 4s, it is only a storage medium for lithium ions.

If the internal temperature of the lipo battery 4s rises due to some abnormal conditions and the electrolyte dries up, the lithium ions and electrons all run to the oxide along the same path, which is equivalent to a short circuit between the anode and the cathode, which may lead to fire or explosion .
In order to avoid the above situation, an insulating layer, called a separator, is placed between the electrodes of the lipo battery 4s. Due to its micropores, the separator is permeable to lithium ions, but electrons cannot.

In the actual lipo battery 4s, graphite and metal oxide are coated on copper foil and aluminum foil, respectively, the foil acts as a current collector here, and the positive and negative electrodes can be easily removed from the collector, where the copper foil leads out the negative electrode , the aluminum foil leads to the positive electrode.
An organic salt of lithium is used as the electrolyte and coats the separator sheets, all three of which are wrapped around a central steel core around a cylinder, making the lipo battery 4s more compact. Standard Li-Ion batteries have a voltage between 3-4.2 volts.
Do you understand it?

Tips for using lipo battery 4s

1. The lipo battery 4s should be charged in time
After the electric vehicle is used, the lipo battery 4s will be vulcanized due to discharge. Timely charging can remove the less serious vulcanization of the lipo battery 4s and improve the use time of the lipo battery 4s.
2. Reasonably control the charging frequency of lipo battery 4s
As mentioned earlier, it is necessary to avoid the lipo battery 4s running out of power and recharging, so in daily life, it is necessary to do a good habit of shallow discharge and shallow charging to avoid the battery performance of the lipo battery 4s due to deep discharge.

3. Create a good charging environment for lipo battery 4s
Because lipo battery 4s has different temperatures during use, storage, and charging, when charging lipo battery 4s, keep away from fire sources, not in humid rain and snow environments, or in summer exposure environments, and choose dry, ventilated, and cool as possible. environment to recharge.
4. Check the car in time to avoid risks
Regularly clean and inspect the vehicle, clean the dust and dirt on the outside of the lipo battery 4s in time, and ensure the patina on the charging and discharging ports of the lipo battery 4s and the contact points of the charger to prevent potential safety hazards caused by poor contact. (Do not directly touch the charging interface with your hands, clean it after power off)

The above is the working principle and usage tips of lipo battery 4s. Obviously, the charging and discharging process of lipo battery 4s is actually the reciprocating process of lithium ions and electrons. When charging, power is applied to the battery, so that lithium ions and electrons run along different paths to In the graphite layer, the lithium atoms are very unstable at this time; and discharge is to apply a load to the battery, so that the lithium ions and electrons run to the metal oxide side along the previous path. At this time, the lithium atoms are relatively stable as part of the metal oxide.
Hope the above content is helpful to you, see you next time.